Examples Of Mantel In A Sentence
mantel WSJmantel BostonGlobe.commantelcourant.commantel Better Homes & Gardensmantel PEOPLE.commantelNew York TimesmantelWashington Postmantel Better Homes & Gardens
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word ‘mantel.’ Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Minerals Found In The Mantle
Earth has the same recipe of elements as the Sun and the other planets . Subtracting the iron in the core, we can calculate that the mantle is a mix of magnesium, silicon, iron, and oxygen that roughly matches the composition of garnet.
But exactly what mix of minerals is present at a given depth is an intricate question that is not firmly settled. It helps that we have samples from the mantle, chunks of rock carried up in certain volcanic eruptions, from depths like 300 kilometers and beyond. These show that the uppermost part of the mantle consists of the rock types peridotite and eclogite. Still, the most exciting thing we get from the mantle is diamonds.
How Do Seismometers Affect People’s Lives
Seismographs can detect quakes that are too small for humans to feel. During an earthquake, ground-shaking seismic waves radiate outward from the quake source, called the epicenter. … These measurements allow scientists to estimate the distance, direction, magnitude, and the type of earthquake that just occurred.
Read Also: Is Paris Jackson Biologically Related To Michael
Are Shallow Earthquakes More Dangerous
Quakes can strike near the surface or deep within the Earth. Most quakes occur at shallow depths, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Shallow quakes generally tend to be more damaging than deeper quakes. Seismic waves from deep quakes have to travel farther to the surface, losing energy along the way.
What Is Mantle Plume In Geography
Mantle plumes are large, hot gas clouds that form in the Earths mantle. They are thought to be the result of the convection of mantle material and hot rock overlying the Earths surface.
Also Check: Relationship In Math Definition
Is It Ok To Go Outside During An Earthquake
Dont run outside. Trying to run in an earthquake is dangerous, as the ground is moving and you can easily fall or be injured by debris or glass. Running outside is especially dangerous, as glass, bricks, or other building components may be falling. Again, you are much safer to stay inside and get under a table.
Early Evolution Of The Earth
The formation of the Earth’s core and mantle at about 4.64.5 Ga via planetary accretion and core separation suggests a very hot early Earth that continues to convect vigorously in order to remove heat from the planet’s interior. This thermal evolution has had a marked influence on the chemical evolution of the planet . The mantle and its properties regulate the removal of heat from the Earth’s core. Likewise, the atmosphere controls the Earth’s capacity to radiate heat to outer space.
If the Earth accreted from a mixture of silicates and metal particles followed by metal-silicate differentiation, separation of the Earth’s core would heat the mantle . It was calculated that the gravitational energy released by core formation would be converted into thermal energy, which would be enough to heat the mantle by about 10002000°Cthus driving mantle convection .
How fast this heat was dissipated to space depends on the nature of the early atmosphere. If the Earth had a significant gaseous envelope surrounding it throughout most of its accretion, it would have enhanced the chances of the upper portion of the mantle being wholly molten through thermal blanketing and greenhouse heating of the surface. Alternatively, if there was no atmosphere, the planet’s heat is rapidly lost to space by radiation and little to no extensive melting of the mantle would have occurred.
A.N. Halliday, in, 2014
Don’t Miss: My Hrw Answers
Earths Layers: Crust Mantle And Core
Earth consists of three main layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core . The core accounts for almost half of Earths radius, but it amounts to only 16.1% of Earths volume. Most of Earths volume is its mantle, and only a small fraction is its crust.
Figure 3.4Source: Karla Panchuk CC BY 4.0. Earth photo by NASA Public Domain view source
Slab Heat Flux And Plate Velocities
The Earth’s mantle is thought to be about 7080% heated internally by primordial heat and radiogenic sources, and the rest from other sources, primarily from cooling of the core . As plumes are thought to carry the heat from the core , heat flow through the oceanic lithosphere, or equivalently cooling by slabs, accounts for most of the Earth’s heat flow. Indeed, one can use these heat flow arguments to predict slab and plate velocities and check for self-consistency with the boundary layer force balance arguments of Section 7.07.4.1.1, which thus verifies that slabs are an integral part of convective heat transport .
D. Suetsugu, … T. Kogiso, in, 2005
Read Also: Half Life Calculation Formula
Dynamics Of Mantle Plumes
Figure 5. Numerical model of an axisymmetric mantle plume with strongly temperature-dependent viscosity. Colours indicate temperature black lines indicate marker chains. Plots are at 14-My time intervals. Reproduced with permission from van Keken P Evolution of starting mantle plumes: a comparison between numerical and laboratory models. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 148: 111.
D.G. Pearson, N. Wittig, in, 2014
Analogy Of Oceanic Lithosphere
Earth’s mantle plays an important role in the evolution of the crust and provides the driving forces for plate tectonics, which eventually determines the planet’s habitability. As an important component of the Earth’s mantle, however, the study of modern oceanic lithosphere is limited by the tools available. Basic information has obtained through geophysical methods, such as acoustic imaging, seismology, magnetism, magneto-tellurics, gravimetry and heat flow measurements . Nevertheless, as a result of limitations of resolution of the geophysical methods, the shape, relief, compositional structure, segmentation geometry and other internal details of the oceanic lithosphere created along the mid-ocean ridges remain elusive and not fully understand. In other hand, in situ abyssal samples are obtained from ocean floors and transform faults through dredging, drilling programs and sampling by deep sea submarines , however, it is difficult and expensive to study. Moreover, the relative position of some dredged abyssal samples in an oceanic lithosphere is not well constrained. Since the realization that ophiolites represent fragments of ancient oceanic lithosphere, studying ophiolites opens the door for geologists to contribute fundamentally to understanding oceanic lithosphere due to the high-fidelity magmatic and stratigraphic records preserved in them.
Kent C. Condie, in, 2005
Don’t Miss: What Happened To Beth Thomas Biological Father
What Are 3 Characteristics Of The Mantle
The mantle is the lowermost layer of the Earths lithosphere. It is made of the Earths solid rock and is about 100 kilometers thick. The mantle is divided into the lithosphere, the mantle-capped lithosphere, and the mantle-thrusting lithosphere. The lithosphere is made of the Earths solid rock and is about 100 kilometers thick. The mantle-capped lithosphere is the layer that makes up the Earths outer crust. The mantle-thrusting lithosphere is the layer that makes up the Earths inner crust.
Exploring The Mantle With Earthquake Waves
Our most powerful technique for exploring the mantle is monitoring seismic waves from the world’s earthquakes. The two different kinds of seismic wave, P waves and S waves , respond to the physical properties of the rocks they go through. These waves reflect off some types of surfaces and refract when they strike other types of surfaces. We use these effects to map the Earth’s insides.
Our tools are good enough to treat the Earth’s mantle the way doctors make ultrasound pictures of their patients. After a century of collecting earthquakes, we’re able to make some impressive maps of the mantle.
Don’t Miss: 100 Day Countdown To The 5th Grade Math Fsa (1-50) Answer Key
What Are 5 Facts About The Mantle
1. The mantle is the layer of the Earths crust that lies between the Earths surface and the mantle below.2. The mantle is made up of many different materials, including rocks, gas, and molten rock.3. The mantle is a very cold place, much colder than the Earths surface.4. The mantle is made up of many different materials, including rocks, gas, and molten rock.5. The mantle is a very cold place, much colder than the Earths surface.
Which Is Correct Mantle Or Mantel
Mantle is the lower part of a roof, typically made of metal and plastic, that supports the roofing material and is typically wider at the top than the bottom. Mantel is the upper part of a roof, typically made of wood or stone, that supports the roofing material and is typically narrower at the top than the bottom.
Read Also: What Does Math.floor Do In Java
What Happens In A Benioff Zone
Benioff zones are dipping, roughly planar zones of increased earthquake activity produced by the interaction of a downgoing oceanic crustal plate with an overriding continental or oceanic plate. They occur at boundaries of crustal plates called subduction zones. The zones are also known as the Wadati-Benioff zone.
The Peculiarities Of Mantle Convection: Observations
Convection in the Earth’s mantle proceeds in peculiar ways. One distinctive feature is the triangular age distribution of the seafloor , which is at odds with other convecting systems as well as with the parameterized schemes discussed earlier. We show in Appendix H the age distribution at the upper boundary of several convective layers. None of them resemble that of Earth, which illustrates current limitations in reproducing mantle convection processes.
One key feature of Earth is the presence of large continents at the surface, which play an important role. They do not allow large heat fluxes through them and generate boundaries with complicated shapes that constrain mantle flow. They exert a strong control on secular cooling and may well be responsible for the triangular distribution of ocean floor ages .
William F. McDonough, in, 2001
Don’t Miss: How To Find Percent Error In Physics
Activity In The Mantle
The top part of the mantle is slowly stirred by the plate motions occurring above it. This is caused by two types of activity. First, there is the downward motion of subducting plates which slide under one another. Second, there is the upward motion of mantle rock that occurs when two tectonic plates separate and spread apart. All this action does not mix the upper mantle thoroughly, however, and geochemists think of the upper mantle as a rocky version of marble cake.
The world’s patterns of volcanism reflect the action of plate tectonics, except in a few areas of the planet called hotspots. Hotspots may be a clue to the rise and fall of material much deeper in the mantle, possibly from its very bottom. Or they may not. There is a vigorous scientific discussion about hotspots these days.
What Is A Seismograph Simple Definition
A seismograph, or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes. Generally, it consists of a mass attached to a fixed base. During an earthquake, the base moves and the mass does not. The motion of the base with respect to the mass is commonly transformed into an electrical voltage.
Read Also: Kuta Software – Infinite Algebra 2 Rationalizing Imaginary Denominators
Examples Of Mantle In A Sentence
accepted the mantle ofmantlemantledmantleVarietymantle Chicago Tribunemantle Anchorage Daily Newsmantle Washington Postmantle Rolling Stonemantle House Beautifulmantle Travel + Leisuremantle San Antonio Express-Newsmantle The Mercury Newsmantling WSJ
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word ‘mantle.’ Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
What Is A Seismograph Class 8
Seismograph is an instrument which measures and records the magnitude of an earthquake in terms of the shock waves it produces. Seismograph detects the shock waves produced by an earthquake and also records the shock waves on the paper in the form of a graph. Seismograph is also known as seismometer.
Also Check: Shape Of Ccl4
Referencesisbn Links Support Nwe Through Referral Fees
- Burns, Roger George. 1993. Mineralogical Applications of Crystal Field Theory. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521430771.
- Coltorti, M., and M. Gregoire. 2008. Metasomatism in Oceanic & Continental Lithospheric Mantle. London, UK: Geological Society Pub House. ISBN 1862392420
- Condie, Kent C. 2001. Mantle Plumes and Their Record in Earth History. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521014727
- Condie, Kent C. 2005. Earth As an Evolving Planetary System. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press. ISBN 978-0120883929
- Ojovan, M.I., and F.G.F. Gibb. “Exploring the Earths Crust and Mantle Using Self-Descending, Radiation-Heated, Probes and Acoustic Emission Monitoring.” Chapter 7, in Arnold P. Lattefer, 2008. Nuclear Waste Research: Siting, Technology and Treatment. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers. ISBN 9781604561845.
- Van der Pluijm, Ben A., and Stephen Marshak. 2004. Earth Structure: An Introduction to Structural Geology and Tectonics, 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 039392467X
- Vogt, Gregory. 2007. Earth’s Core and Mantle: Heavy Metal, Moving Rock. Minneapolis, MN: Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 978-0761328377
Modeling The Mantle In The Lab
Minerals and rocks change under high pressure. For instance, the common mantle mineral olivine changes to different crystal forms at depths around 410 kilometers, and again at 660 kilometers.
We study the behavior of minerals under mantle conditions with two methods: computer models based on the equations of mineral physics, and laboratory experiments. Thus, modern mantle studies are conducted by seismologists, computer programmers, and lab researchers who can now reproduce conditions anywhere in the mantle with high-pressure laboratory equipment like the diamond-anvil cell.
Read Also: How Old Is Elton Johns Kids
What Does Mantle Mean
Mantle is a word that is associated with things that cover or conceal. In geology the word mantle is used to describe the layer of earth that lies between the earth’s outer crust and the outer part of the earth’s core. It makes up the largest portion of the total mass of the earth. About 84% of the earth’s total volume. It has an average thickness of 2,886 kilometres.
How Fast Do Tectonic Plates Move
They can move at rates of up to four inches per year, but most move much slower than that. Different parts of a plate move at different speeds. The plates move in different directions, colliding, moving away from, and sliding past one another. Most plates are made of both oceanic and continental crust.
Recommended Reading: How To Figure Out Displacement In Physics
Define Mantle Plume And Explain Its Role In Plate Tectonics
Topic: Geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
3) Define Mantle Plume and explain its role in plate tectonics.
Physical geography by Savindra Singh
Why this question:
The question is from the static portions of GS paper I. one must discuss the concept of Mantle Plume and its possible role in Plate Tectonics.
Key demand of the question:
The question is straightforward, explain the concept of Mantle Plume and explain its role in plate tectonics.
Directive:
Explain Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
What Do P And S Waves Tell Us
Seismic waves tell us that the Earth’s interior consists of a series of concentric shells, with a thin outer crust, a mantle, a liquid outer core, and a solid inner core. P waves, meaning primary waves, travel fastest and thus arrive first at seismic stations. The S, or secondary, waves arrive after the P waves.
You May Like: Movement Geography Example
The Mantle’s Layers And Internal Boundaries
A century of research has helped us fill some of the blanks in the mantle. It has three main layers. The upper mantle extends from the base of the crust down to 660 kilometers depth. The transition zone is located between 410 and 660 kilometers, at which depths major physical changes occur to minerals.
The lower mantle extends from 660 kilometers down to about 2,700 kilometers. At this point, seismic waves are affected so strongly that most researchers believe the rocks beneath are different in their chemistry, not just in their crystallography. This controversial layer at the bottom of the mantle, about 200 kilometers thick, has the odd name “D-double-prime.”
Glossary Of Geography Terms
This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in geography and related fields, which describe and identify spatial dimension, geographic locations, topographical features, natural resources, and the collection, analysis, and visualization of geographic data. For related terms, see glossary of geology and glossary of environmental science.
Don’t Miss: Example Of Movement In Geography
The Earth’s Structure And Plate Tectonics
The Earth is made up of different layers:
Demonstrating the movement of the Earth’s crust and how tectonic plates interact at plate margins