The Urban/rural Divide In Athens
In this section, I provide a history of the urban/rural divide in democratic Athens and argue that it lurked beneath some of the most important issues in Athenian politics in the classical period. Pericless strategy of evacuating Attica led to a collision between urban and rural citizens and solidified amongst rural Athenians something resembling what Cramer , in a different context, calls rural consciousness: a fierce attachment to place accompanied by a resentment of urbanites and urban spaces.
Many scholars have suggested that the Athenian demos was relatively unified in its pursuit of naval empire . Such a view largely stems from Pericless idealized depiction of Athens in his Funeral Oration, in which all citizens become one with Athens through love of her imperial power . But the reality was far from the ideal rural Athenians were often uneasy about imperialism, the result of Athenss transition from a localist agrarian society in which rural citizens held a privileged political, social, and military role to a centralized imperial democracy in which their traditional role was largely coopted by urbanites and sailors. This urban/rural divide was exacerbated by three trends that pushed Athens in an imperialist direction at the expense of the status of rural citizens: the ascendance of a centralized democracy located around Athenss ports, the increase in grain importation, and the concomitant rise of the strategic importance of the Athenian navy.
What Was Athens Culture
Ancient Athenians were a thoughtful people who enjoyed the systematic study of subjects such as science, philosophy, and history, to name a few. Athenians placed a heavy emphasis on the arts, architecture, and literature. The Athenians built thousands of temples and statues that embodied their understanding of beauty.
How Did Athenian Democracy Function
Greek democracy created at Athens was direct, rather than representative: any adult male citizen over the age of 20 could take part, and it was a duty to do so. The officials of the democracy were in part elected by the Assembly and in large part chosen by lottery in a process called sortition.
Why is Athens important in history?
Athens was the largest and most influential of the Greek city-states. It had many fine buildings and was named after Athena, the goddess of wisdom and warfare. The Athenians invented democracy, a new type of government where every citizen could vote on important issues, such as whether or not to declare war.
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Pericles And The Evacuation Of Rural Attica
These powerful trends driving urban and rural Athenians apartthe relocation of political power to the city, the rise of grain importation and naval imperialism, and cultural conflictmight, under normal circumstances, have been successfully mitigated by Athenian institutions designed to ease the urban/rural divide. But Pericless strategy of sacrificing the land of Attica forced a collision between urban and rural citizens that exacerbated the divide. Pericless plan was to withdraw rural citizens behind the walls of Athens, allowing the Spartans to ravage the countryside while the city safely imported grain through its fortified port. If the Athenians did not seek to expand their empire, Pericles argued, they could triumph by attacking enemy territory with their powerful navy and outlasting the Spartans . Nonengagement was a radical departure from the traditional agonal system of phalanx warfare . Greek farmers did not let other Greeks ravage their fields, which were considered inviolable . Pericless plan would not have been possible without the decline in Athenian grain production, the rise in imports, and the supremacy of the naval ethos over traditional hoplite values.Footnote 14 His strategy depended on the sacrifice of rural homes and interests, causing rural citizens extreme grief, anxiety, and resentment about imperialism.
Where Is The 300 Real
Based on the homonymous comic book by Frank Miller, the movie earned a huge fan base around the world. Like the comic book, the 300 takes inspirations from the real Battle of Thermopylae and the events that took place in the year of 480 BC in ancient Greece. An epic movie for an epic historical event.
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What Was Athens Famous For
Athens was the largest and most influential of the Greek city-states. It had many fine buildings and was named after Athena, the goddess of wisdom and warfare. The Athenians invented democracy, a new type of government where every citizen could vote on important issues, such as whether or not to declare war.
How Did Greeces Geography Influence The City
Greek city-states likely developed because of the physical geography of the Mediterranean region. The landscape features rocky, mountainous land and many islands.These physical barriers caused population centers to be relatively isolated from each other. The sea was often the easiest way to move from place to place.
Read Also: What Influence Did Geography Have On The Development Of Greek Society
How Big Is The City Of Athens In Greece
Athens Geography Athens is the capital and largest city in Greece, With a population of about 3,5 million people and long history, Athens stretches on a large peninsula that is protected by mountains from all sides of the horizon: Mt Egaleo to the west, Mt Parnes to the north, Mt Pentelikon to the northeast and Mt Hymettus to the east.
How Did Geography Influence Greeces Economy And Military Technology
Greeces geography impacted social political and economic patterns in a variety of ways such as that its mountains prevented complete unification led to the establishment of the city states near the sea led to a reliance on naval powers hindered overland trade and encouraged maritime trade around the
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What Were The Main Features Of Athenian Democracy
Athenian Democracy and Divination Essay. Athenian Democracy and Divination Divination was a prevalent feature in Archaic Greece,as it provided objective advice,to assist people in making appropriate decisions in
What were the differences between Athenian and US democracy?
The people who have a say are typically elected representatives. The United States Democracy is a representative democracy. We select representatives to speak for the people. In Athens they had a direct democracy where people had direct control.
Is Athens A Walkable City
Athens is a walkable city and its historic center is easy to navigate, while public transport is affordable. Stroll along the pedestrianized grand promenade, created as part of city refurbishment ahead of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. It snakes around the Acropolis and links key archaeological sites.
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Theorizing The Urban/rural Divide After The War
Recognizing the divisions between urban and rural Athenians during the Peloponnesian War years, Plato, Xenophon, and Aristotle developed strategies to manage interactions between urban and rural people. These theorists advanced three primary ways to handle the urban/rural divide: segregation, through the exclusion of rural people from any business in the city, the erasure of the urban/rural divide by making each citizen equally urban and rural, and the employment of a preclusive frontier defense system to protect the countryside and thus avoid the issues that Athens faced during the war.
Beyond exclusion from public affairs, these thinkers sought to keep rural people out of the city through administrative decentralization. Plato and Aristotle both created separate magistracies for the country, agora, and asty, with the effect that rural and urban areas would be administered separately, reducing opportunities for cross-contamination. This shows not only their belief that farmers, like other manual laborers, should be kept away from positions of power but also that they should stay in the countryside, among their own kind, precluding any potential confrontations between rural and urban citizens.
What Were The Major Features Of The Athenian Economy
The Athenian economy was based on trade. The land around Athens did not provide enough food for all the citys people. But Athens was near the sea, and it had a good harbor. So Athenians traded with other city-states and some foreign lands to get the goods and natural resources they needed.
What government was most directly influenced by Athenian democracy?
The Greeks are often credited with pioneering a democratic government that went on to influence the structure of the United States. Read this article that describes how elements of ancient Greek democracy heavily influenced the figures that designed the United States government.
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Why Was Athens So Influential
Athens was the largest and most influential of the Greek city-states. It had many fine buildings and was named after Athena, the goddess of wisdom and warfare. The Athenians invented democracy, a new type of government where every citizen could vote on important issues, such as whether or not to declare war.
Entertainment And Performing Arts
Athens is home to 148 theatrical stages, more than any other city in the world, including the ancient Odeon of Herodes Atticus, home to the Athens Festival, which runs from May to October each year. In addition to a large number of multiplexes, Athens plays host to open air garden cinemas. The city also supports music venues, including the Athens Concert Hall , which attracts world class artists. The Athens Planetarium, located in Andrea Syngrou Avenue, in Palaio Faliro is one of the largest and best equipped digital planetaria in the world. The Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center, inaugurated in 2016, will house the National Library of Greece and the Greek National Opera. In 2018 Athens was designated as the World Book Capital by UNESCO.
Restaurants, tavernas and bars can be found in the entertainment hubs in Plaka and the Trigono areas of the historic centre, the inner suburbs of Gazi and Psyrri are especially busy with nightclubs and bars, while Kolonaki, Exarchia, Metaxourgeio, Koukaki and Pangrati offer more of a cafe and restaurant scene. The coastal suburbs of Microlimano, Alimos and Glyfada include many tavernas, beach bars and busy summer clubs.
Music
Overview
| Pagrati | Earlier presence in A1 Ethniki |
1906 Summer Olympics
2004 Summer Olympics
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What Are The Main Geographical Features Of Greece
Greece has the longest coastline in Europe and is the southernmost country in Europe. The mainland has rugged mountains, forests, and lakes, but the country is well known for the thousands of islands dotting the blue Aegean Sea to the east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Ionian Sea to the west.
How Did Sparta Differ From Athens
The main difference between Athens and Sparta is their government, economy, and society. Athenian society, which was based on trade, valued art and culture and was ruled under a form of democracy. Spartan society, on the other hand, was a militant society whose economy was based on farming and conquering.
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What Was The Importance Of Athens And Sparta In The Greek Civilization
Some of the most important city-states were Athens, Sparta, Thebes, Corinth, and Delphi. Of these, Athens and Sparta were the two most powerful city-states. Athens was a democracy and Sparta had two kings and an oligarchic system, but both were important in the development of Greek society and culture.
Urban And Suburban Municipalities
The Athens Metropolitan Area consists of 58 densely populated municipalities, sprawling around the Municipality of Athens in virtually all directions. For the Athenians, all the urban municipalities surrounding the City Centre are called suburbs. According to their geographic location in relation to the City of Athens, the suburbs are divided into four zones the northern suburbs the southern suburbs the eastern suburbs and the western suburbs .
The Athens city coastline, extending from the major commercial port of Piraeus to the southernmost suburb of Varkiza for some 25 km , is also connected to the City Centre by tram.
In the northern suburb of Maroussi, the upgraded main Olympic Complex dominates the skyline. The area has been redeveloped according to a design by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava, with steel arches, landscaped gardens, fountains, futuristic glass, and a landmark new blue glass roof which was added to the main stadium. A second Olympic complex, next to the sea at the beach of Palaio Faliro, also features modern stadia, shops and an elevated esplanade. Work is underway to transform the grounds of the old Athens Airport named Elliniko in the southern suburbs, into one of the largest landscaped parks in Europe, to be named the Hellenikon Metropolitan Park.
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How Did Greeces Geography Shape Its Cultural Development
Greek civilization developed into independent city-states because Greeces mountains, islands, and peninsulas separated the Greek people from each other and made communication difficult. The steep mountains of the Greek geography also affected the crops and animals that farmers raised in the region.
What Was The Natural Barrier For Ancient Athens
The natural barrier for Athens. Athens is surrounded by mountains: Aigaleo to the west, Parnes to the north, Pentelikon to the northeast, and Hymettus to the east. These mountains formed natural barriers against invaders as they would have to first climb the mountain before they could attack. Athens was also close to water, the Saronic Gulf.
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How Did Geography Affect The Greek City States
Greek city states likely developed because of the physical geography of the Mediterranean region. The landscape features rocky, mountainous land and many islands. These physical barriers caused population centers to be relatively isolated from each other. The sea was often the easiest way to move from place to place.
Ancient Greece Post Assessment Johnson
- What makes Greece a peninsula?
- A.& nbsp
The lack of large rivers
- B.& nbsp
The water on three sides
- C.& nbsp
-
The large number of islands
They led people to write letters.
They made farmers stop speaking.
Did not want to offend the earth god.
Were afraid of people from other villages.
Used the land for farming instead of roads.
Found traveling through the mountains difficult.
Thy believed in only one god.
They lived in seperate villages.
They relied on the sea for travel and trade.
They stayed away from the sea as much as they could.
Our land is too low and flat.
We do not have a big enough river.
We do not have the labor to build ditches.
Our engineers do not have the skill to design that.
They had too many soldiers.
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What Did Sparta Contribute To Society
Spartas Constitution Is Much Like Ours Today
Sparta was the first society in ancient Greece to create a government with restrictions on power and checks and balances baked into its political system. The Lacedaemonian Constitution separated governing powers within varying branches of government, much like ours today.
How Did The Geography Of Greece Influence Greek Economic Activity
Answer. Answer: This geographical conditions influenced in Greeces economy activity by encouraging people to use the sea for food and trade. Major goods in the market places of Greece were imported trough the sea, and its position gave control over Egypts most crucial seaports and trade routes.
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Women Slaves And Other Non
Athens: In Athens, non-citizens, which included women and slaves, had few rights. Non-citizens could not hold government positions or own property in any way.
Usually women in Athens stayed at home, did housework, and supervised slaves. A few women could become priestesses, but that was as far as she could go professionally.
Slaves lived various different lives in Athens. Some slaves were trained as craftsmen, while others worked in factories or farms. A few slaves worked as clerks, and the unluckiest had to work in silver mines. People could become slaves by being born into slavery, being prisoners of war, or having to sell themselves into slavery due to farm debts.
Sparta: In Sparta non-citizens were women, slaves , and Perioikoi .
Spartan women were very different from women in other parts of Greece because they received tough physical training. This was because the women were expected to look after their husbands property during times of war against invaders or a slave revolt. They also did not wear jewelry or perfume, since those items were seen as corrupting. Another way Spartan women differed from women from the other city-states was that the Spartan women had many rights women from other city-states did not have. The Spartan women could own property, speak with their husband’s friends, and even marry another man if their husbands had been away at war for too long.
Did Spartans Throw Babies Off Cliffs
The ancient historian Plutarch claimed these ill-born Spartan babies were tossed into a chasm at the foot of Mount Taygetus, but most historians now dismiss this as a myth. If a Spartan baby was judged to be unfit for its future duty as a soldier, it was most likely abandoned on a nearby hillside.
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How Were Athens And Sparta Culturally Different
The main difference between Athens and Sparta is their government, economy, and society. Athenian society, which was based on trade, valued art and culture and was ruled under a form of democracy. Spartan society, on the other hand, was a militant society whose economy was based on farming and conquering.