What Does The Word Geography Mean

Editors Contributionrate This Definition:

Geography As A Science

The word geographyhas its etymological roots in the Greek word geographein,which literally means to write or describe the earth’s surface. Getis et al , among others, assert the word was first used byEratosthenes, although the word also reflects the prehistoric activity of map making.

Looking at the present there are at least four distinct usages for the wordgeography:

• a science that deals with the description, distribution, and interaction ofthe diverse physical, biological, and social features of the earth’s surface
• the geographic features of an area
• a treatise on geography
• configuration: a delineation or systematic arrangement of constituent elements

This brings up the question of what science is,which is yet another word that has a variety of meanings. The word alsohas political implications, such as when used by commentators who contrast the “science” of climatechange with the supposed ignorance of those who question the outputof complex computational climate models.

There are two definitions of science of primary interest to geographers.

Geography As Five Themes

Geography often focuses on the question of where and this is referred to asa spatial perspective . In 1986 the National Geographic Society published a guide for educators defining geography in terms of five themes that define the types of knowledge geographers seek to gain:

• Location: how the physical position of people and things on the earth’ssurface affects what happens and why. These explanations often take theform of complex mathematical models and location theories. Example: Why are manufacturing plants in China clustered in specific locations?
• Human-Environment Interactions: the relationship between humansand the physical world. Example: How will people in vulnerable areas respond to climate change?
• Region: how and why phenomena and features tend to concentrate inspecific areas. Example: What are the common historical features of European societiesthat make them respond differently to globalization than emerging Asian countries?
• Place: the characteristics and meanings attached to specific locations. Example: Why has globalization resulted in a rise in nationalistpolitical movements?
• Movement: the transfer of people, goods and idea across the surfaceof the earth. Example: How are global supply chains responding to increasing fuel prices?

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Geography As A Three Key Issues

Rubenstein defines geography as addressing three key issues:

Human Physical And Gis

Whileactivities that can be considered geography are performedin a variety of different professions, many people that call themselves geographers work in theacademy . Within universitygeography departments there are three broad areas of study:

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What Are The Major Aims Of Geography Education

Aims of Objectives of Teaching Geography: To acquaint the pupils with the living conditions of men in different parts of the globe. To enable the pupils to acquire a knowledge of natural resources. To develop in pupils an understanding of how environment and climatic factors have influenced our life.

From The Nature Of Geography:

The ultimate purpose of geography, the study of areal differentiation of the world, is most clearly expressed in regional geography only by constantly maintaining its relation to regional geography can systematic geography hold to the purpose of geography and not disappear into other sciences. On the other hand, regional geography in itself is sterile without the continuous fertilization of generic concepts and principles from systematic geography, it could not advance to higher degrees of accuracy and certainty in interpretation or its findings.

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Connecting With Space And Place

Geography is the study of places and the relationships between people and their environments. Geographers explore both the physical properties of Earths surface and the human societies spread across it. They also examine how human culture interacts with the natural environment and the way that locations and places can have an impact on people. Geography seeks to understand where things are found, why they are there, and how they develop and change over time.

Urban And Regional Planning

Urban planning and regional planning use the science of geography to assist in determining how to develop the land to meet particular criteria, such as safety, beauty, economic opportunities, the preservation of the built or natural heritage, etcetera.

The planning of towns, cities and rural areas may be seen as applied geography although it also draws heavily upon the arts, the sciences and lessons of history. Some of the issues facing planning are considered briefly under the headings of rural exodus, urban exodus and Smart Growth.

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What Is Geologic Time

Geologic time is a time scale that divides the history of the planet Earth into eras, periods, and epochs from the birth of the planet to the present. The oldest era is the Precambrian, which began 4.6 billion years ago and ended about 570 million years ago. Next came the Paleozoic Era, which lasted from 570 to 245 million years ago, followed by the Mesozoic Era, from 245 to 66 million years ago. We’re now living in the

When did geography begin?

We must assume that one of the earliest questions human beings asked was “What’s over that hill?” Geographic thought has been present for thousands of yearsmaps drawn in the sand or etched in stone, as well as explorations to distant lands, were made by the earliest civilizations. Geographic knowledge has been accumulating since the beginning of humankind.

Cenozoic Era, which began 66 million years ago. The Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras are each divided into periods. Additionally, the Cenozoic Era is divided into even smaller units of time called epochs. The last ten thousand years is called the Holocene Epoch.

What Are The 25 Wonders Of The World

The 25 wonders of the world

• 1 Salt flats of Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia.
• 3 Pyramids at Giza, Egypt.
• 4 Drifting down the Amazon.
• 5 Fairy chimneys and caves of Cappadocia, Turkey.
• 6 Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA.
• 7 Petra, the city carved from stone in the Jordanian desert.
• 8 Machu Picchu, Peru.
• 9 Sagrada Familia, Gaudís masterpiece in Barcelona.

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Chambers 20th Century Dictionaryrate This Definition:

What Is Geography

Therefore, Geography is the science that deals with the description of the Earths surface.

Geography is much more than cartography, the study of maps. It not only investigates what is where on the Earth, but also why its there not somewhere else, sometimes referred to as location in space.

Geography studies this whether the cause is natural or human. It also studies the consequences of those differences.

Those that study geography are divided into two main areas: physical geography and human geography.

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What Is The Aag

The Association of American Geographers is a professional organization of academic geographers and geography students. The AAG was founded in 1904 and publishes two key academic journals in geography, the Annals of the Association of American Geographers and the Professional Geographer. The AAG also holds annual conferences and supports regional and specialty groups of geographers.

What Does Geography Study

What do we do when we study geography? We explore and learn about two main issues: places and people. There are two branches of geography, called physical geography and human geography:

• physical geography examines the nature and environment and with it, natural hazards and their effects for example what happens when a volcano erupts or where and why does flooding occur

• human geography studies the effects of our activities on the planet and what living in our environments on the lives and activities of the people means, such as why people move from villages into towns or even migrate from country to country or what it happens when we exploit the earths resources or why we experience the effects of global warming

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Geography As A Career

Geography is a fairly small profession and a large percentage of peoplewho identify themselves professionally as geographers work inuniversities as professors/researchers, or as teachers in secondary education.

However, there are quite a number of other career opportunities for geographersin the public and private sector, usually working in some way with GeographicInformation Systems :

• Geographic information systems and services providers
• Surveyers for contracting and engineering firms
• Energy and natural resource management companies
• National Geospatial Intelligence Agency
• State departments of transportation and health
• Urban and regional planning departments

The Association of American Geographersis the primary professional organization for geographers in the United States and theirwebsite provides more information on geography careers.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook has information onthe future of careers in geography.

Geography Lesson Class 8 Mcq Questions With Answers English Poem 2

July 17, 2021 by Prasanna

Check the below NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem 2 Geography Lesson with Answers Pdf free download. MCQ Questions for Class 8 English with Answers were prepared based on the latest exam pattern. We have provided Geography Lesson Class 8 English MCQs Questions with Answers to help students understand the concept very well.

Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate Geography Lesson Class 8 Questions and Answers. Every question in the textbook has been answered here.

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What Is Where Why Is It There And Why Do We Care

In 2002, geographerCharles Gritzner asserted that geography seeks to answer three types of questions:

The Branches Of Geography

Geography can be regarded as an interdisciplinary science. The subject encompasses an interdisciplinary perspective that allows the observation and analysis of anything distributed in Earth space and the development of solutions to problems based on such analysis. The discipline of geography can be divided into several branches of study. The primary classification of geography divides the approach to the subject into the two broad categories of physical geography and human geography.

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What Is The Important Method Of Geography

Among all the methods of teaching geography, Project method is the most important which is frequently applicable to teaching-learning process. It is a method which stands against the traditional method of teaching where the theoretical knowledge from the book is accepted 01 received by the students.

Geography Is What Geographers Do

Everything that is happens in a space and time. Therefore, everything has ahistory and everything has a geography. There is no Pope in geography that sayswhat can and cannot be studied in geography, and since few people know what contemporary academic geography is, academic geographers are oftenfree to be interdisciplinary and study what they want. Thereforealmost anything can be and is studied within geography. If you visit theannual meetingof the Association of American Geographers, you cansee presentations on a very wide variety of topicsby a very heterogeneous collection of researchers.

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What Are The Methods Used In Geography

Addressing those questions usually requires field observation and spatial sampling. Geographers interested in social patterns and processes also use archival research, interviewing and surveying techniques, and participant observation methods that are associated with the social sciences more generally.

What Does The Word Geography Mean

The word “geography” was invented by the ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes and literally means “writing about the earth.” The word can be divided into two parts – ge and graphy. Ge means the Earth and graphy refers to writing.

Of course, geography today means much more than writing about the Earth but it’s a difficult discipline to define. Many geographers have done their best to define geography but a typical dictionary definition today reads, “The science of the Earth’s physical features, resources, climate, population, etc.”

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The Four Traditions Of Geography

There are some other ways to conceptualize the field of geography. Parkinson suggested that geography has four traditions: The Earth Science Tradition, Culture-Environment Tradition, Locational Tradition, and Area Analysis Tradition. Geographic techniques support these traditions. The chart below shows how selected subdisciplines fit within these four traditions.

Mcq Questions For Class 8 English Honeydew Poem 2 Geography Lesson With Answers

Question 1.Why men found reasons to kill each other was _____. Easier to understand Not needed to be understood Not mentioned in the poem

Answer: Difficult to understand

Question 2.When did it become clear that the earth was round? At a height of ten thousand miles At a height of six miles At a height of six inches to the mile At a height of six thousand miles

Answer: At a height of six miles

Question 3.What became clear when the jet reached ten thousand feet? Why cities ran along the river Why valleys are populated Logic of geography All of the Above

Answer: All of the Above

Question 4.There seemed an inevitability about what on ground had looked haphazard. What do you mean by the word haphazard? That cannot be avoided That can be avoided Without plan or order With plan or order

Answer: Without plan or order

Question 5.Who is the poet of the poem Geography Lesson? Zulfikar Ghose

What was the logic of geography? Land and water attracted man Why valleys were populated Why cities ran along the river How cities are developed

Answer: Land and water attracted man

Question 9.There seemed an inevitability about what on ground had looked haphazard. What do you mean by the word inevitability? That cannot be avoided That can be avoided Without plan or order With plan or order

Answer: That cannot be avoided

Answer: At a height of six inches to the mile

Question 1.The jet in the passage refers to : jet black

Answer: The poet is Zulfikar Ghose.

Answer: high.

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The Necessity For Geographic Literacy

The world is getting smaller, more crowded, and more integrated as the population expands, resources diminish, and globalization brings us all closer together. The US is a “hyper-power” with unprecedented influence around the globe. For the citizens of such a country that is also a democracy comes a duty to be geographically literateto understand how this planet works in terms of its physical and human geographies. Geographically illiterate citizens will at best be ignorant of what their government is doing globally, and at worst support their government in making bad decisions that are detrimental to national, regional, and global stability and well being.

Globalization means that America will interact with its global neighbors through combinations of cooperation, competition, and occasional conflicts. Thus it is essential that American citizens be geographically literate so that they may hopefully cooperate most of the time, compete some of the time, and occasionally engage in conflict. Viewed this way, geographic illiteracy might be seen as a threat to national security. Of course this is true for citizens of other nations as well, however national rankings of geography literacy show that our neighbors abroad understand the importance of geographic knowledge and do not suffer our illiteracy.

Required Reading

Why Geography MattersMore than Ever

Registered students can access a PDF of the reading in Lesson 01 in Canvas.

A Brief History Of Geography As A Field Of Study

The Greeks are the first known culture to actively explore geography as a science and philosophy, with major contributors including Thales of Miletus, Herodotus, Eratosthenes, Hipparchus, Aristotle, Dicaearchus of Messana, Strabo, and Ptolemy. Mapping by the Romans as they explored new lands added new techniques.

During the Middle Ages, Arabs such as Idrisi, Ibn Battuta, and Ibn Khaldun built on and maintained the Greek and Roman learnings. Following the journeys of Marco Polo, interest in geography spread throughout Europe.

During the Renaissance and into the 16th and 17th centuries the great voyages of exploration revived a desire for solid theoretical foundations and accurate detail. The Geographia Generalis by Bernhardus Varenius and Gerardus Mercators world map are prime examples.

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