Oceans And Rising Sea Levels
As greenhouse gases increase, changes will be more extreme. Oceans will become slightly more acidic, making it more difficult for creatures with carbonate shells to grow, and that includes coral reefs. A study monitoring ocean acidity in the Pacific Northwest found ocean acidity increasing ten times faster than expected and 10 percent to 20 percent of shellfish being replaced by acid-tolerant algae.
Plant and animal species seeking cooler temperatures will need to move poleward 100 to 150 km or upward 150 m for each 1.0 degrees C rise in global temperature. There will be a tremendous loss of biodiversity because forest species cannot migrate that rapidly. Biologists have already documented the extinction of high-altitude species that have nowhere higher to go.
One may notice that the numerical predictions above contain wide ranges. Sea level, for example, is expected to rise somewhere between 18 and 97 centimeters by 2100. The reason for this uncertainty is in part because scientists cannot predict precisely how the Earth will respond to increased levels of greenhouses gases. How quickly greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere depends in part on the choices we make.
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In climate change, a feedback loop is the equivalent of a vicious or virtuous circle something that accelerates or decelerates a warming trend. A positive feedback accelerates a temperature. But for those who live off the waters, the sea is places, roads, highways. This Saturday, March 28, 2015, the planet will be celebrating the ninth annual Earth Hour, where people around the world.
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Climate change is at the heart of geography in many ways, and vice versa. As a holistic phenomenon, its causes, consequences and implications are closely related to natural and.
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Climate is also controlled by wind, oceans, and mountains. Winds bring moisture to land. North and south of the Equator, the trade winds blow from the northeast and southeast, respectively. These…. 10. Personal Solutions to Global Warming: There are many steps which every individual can take in order to control the climate change. A small step by every person can make a big change. Drive less and cycle more or pool to car while going to work. Make your house more air tight. Buy and use a programmable thermostat. What are the advantages of geographic isolation? We enjoy certain advantages in this environment. Changes in medical care delivery systems get to us slowly giving us time to plan for the impact. Antibiotic-resistant organisms are slower to move in and are easier to control. The blood donor population is loyal and at a low risk for disease. However, climatecontrol also means that there is no change of seasons. As a result, in Jonass world, there is no summer, winter, fall, or spring. There is only the same temperate ….
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Climate change weaves through daily lives: the global politics of global warming, the business impact of greenhouse gas and carbon emissions and the environmental impact to the sea levels, extreme.
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Climate change and climate prediction. Read science articles on regional climates and global climate shifts. Updated daily. Climate change is at the heart of geography in many ways, and vice versa. As a holistic phenomenon, its causes, consequences and implications are closely related to natural and. Since modern climatological record-keeping began in the 1890s, the state has seen five major multi-year, regional drought events. These occurred in the late 1890s, from 1909-18, 1930-40, 1952-58 and, to a lesser extent, 1962-72 . Each of these episodes contained at least one year of above-normal rainfall.. Climate is the pattern of the weather conditions over a long period of time for a large area. And climate can be affected by Earths atmosphere. Our Earth is surrounded by an atmosphere made up of gases. When sunlight enters our atmosphere, some of the suns heat is trapped by the gas, and some bounces back out into space. By trapping that.
What Are The 5 Major Factors That Affect Climate
LOWERN
- Latitude. It depends on how close or how far it is to the equator.
- Ocean currents. Certain ocean currents have different temperatures.
- Wind and air masses. Heated ground causes air to rise which results in lower air pressure.
- Elevation. The higher up you are the colder and drier it will be.
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Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease of global concern with 1.5 to 2.7 million people dying each year and many more suffering from it. In Indonesia, malaria is a major public health issue with around six million clinical cases and 700 deaths each year. Malaria is most prevalent in the developing countries of the world. Aid agencies have provided financial and technical.
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Aug 29, 2022 · Global warming is the long-term heating of Earths surface observed since the pre-industrial period due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earths atmosphere. This term is not interchangeable with the term “climate change.”. Global climate change refers to the average long-term changes over the entire Earth. These include warming temperatures and changes in precipitation, as well as the effects of. Apr 17, 2015 · Soil Erosion and Climate Change. April 17, 2015. A lot of us in the geoscience business are concerned these days with interpreting ongoing and past, and predicting future, responses of landforms, soils, and ecosystems to climate change. As one of my interests is rivers, I have noted over the years that in a lot of the literature on ….
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The Onset Of The Monsoon And Withdrawal
The duration of the monsoon is between 100-120 days from early June to mid-September. Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increases suddenly and continues constantly for several days, which is known as the burst of the monsoon.
Arrival of the Monsoon in different parts of India
The monsoon arrives at the southern tip of the Indian peninsula generally by the 1st week of June. Subsequently, it proceeds into two the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch.
- The Arabian Sea branch reaches Mumbai on approximately the 10th of June.
- The Bay of Bengal branch arrives in Assam in the 1st week of June.
- The Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal branches of the monsoon merge over the northwestern part of the Ganga plains.
- Delhi receives the monsoon showers from the Bay of Bengal branch by the end of June.
Withdrawal of the Monsoon
The withdrawal of the monsoon begins in northwestern states of India by early September. By mid-October, it withdraws completely from the northern half of the peninsula. From north to the south, withdrawal of monsoon takes place from the first week of December to the first week of January. By early December, the monsoon has withdrawn from the rest of the country.
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Climate Change In Earth History
For the past two centuries, the climate has been relatively stable. People placed their farms and cities in locations that were in a favorable climate without thinking that the climate could change. However, the climate has changed throughout Earth history, and a stable climate is not the norm. In recent years, Earths climate has begun to change again. Most of this change is warming because of human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The effects of warming are already being seen and will become more extreme as temperature rise.
Climate has changed throughout Earth history. Much of the time Earths climate was hotter and more humid than it is today, but climate has also been colder, as when glaciers covered much more of the planet. The most recent ice ages were in the Pleistocene Epoch, between 1.8 million and 10,000 years ago. Glaciers advanced and retreated in cycles, known as glacial and interglacial periods. With so much of the worlds water bound into the ice, sea level was about 125 meters lower than it is today. Many scientists think that we are now in a warm, interglacial period that has lasted about 10,000 years.
For the past 2,000 years, the climate has been relatively mild and stable when compared with much of Earths history. Why has climate stability been beneficial for human civilization? Stability has allowed the expansion of agriculture and the development of towns and cities.
How Will Climate Change Affect The Planet
The Earth has had many tropical climates and ice ages over the billions of years that its been in existence, so why is now so different? Well, this is because for the last 150 years human activity has meant were releasing a huge amount of harmful gases into the Earths atmosphere, and records show that the global temperatures are rising more rapidly since this time.
A warmer climate could affect our planet in a number of ways:
More rainfall
Rising sea levels
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Cbse Notes Class 9 Geography Chapter 4
In this chapter, you will learn about the atmospheric conditions of India. By going through CBSE Notes Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 on Climate, you will get the answers to many questions such as why do we wear woollens in December or why is it hot and uncomfortable in the month of May and why it rains in June July? You can also download these notes in pdf for future reference.
Climate refers to the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of time .
Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point of time.
The elements of weather and climate are the same, i.e. temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity and precipitation. On the basis of the monthly atmospheric conditions, the year is divided into seasons such as:
The climate of any place depends on the following factors:
1) Latitude
The amount of solar energy received varies according to latitude due to the curvature of the earth. Thats why air temperature generally decreases from the equator towards the poles.
2) Altitude
The atmosphere becomes less dense and temperature decreases when we go to the higher altitude from the earth surface. This is the reason why hills are cooler during summers.
3) Pressure and wind system
The pressure and wind system of any area depends on the latitude and altitude of the place. It influences the temperature and rainfall pattern.
4) Distance from the sea
5) Ocean currents
6) Relief features
What Is Climate In Geography
Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. Weather can change from hour-to-hour day-to-day month-to-month or even year-to-year. A regions weather patterns usually tracked for at least 30 years are considered its climate. Photograph by Walter Meayers Edwards National Geographic. Image.
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Carbon capture. Carbon capture involves reducing carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel burning power stations. Carbon Dioxide is removed from waste gases. Once captured the. The soil forming processes are mentioned below : 1. Eluviation : It is the mechanical translocation of clay or other fine particles down the profile. 2. Illuviation : It is the accumulation of the washed down material in the lower horizon of the soil profile. 3. Cheluviation : It is the downward movement of the material similar to leaching but under the influence of organic complex.
Changes In Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Levels
Climatic data from ice core drillings, rings within coral reefs and trees, ocean and lake sediments, and other sources indicate that when greenhouse gasses increase in the atmosphere, global temperatures rise. When greenhouse gasses decrease in the atmosphere, global temperatures fall. In 1958, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration began measuring carbon dioxide levels in real time. What direct measurements of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere indicate is that every year, the concentration of the gas increases globally every six months and decreases six months later. This has mostly to do with the continents in the northern hemisphere, where the majority of the continents and trees are located. During the warmer months, the trees in the northern hemisphere begin photosynthesizing by taking carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and use sunlight to create chlorophyll. This causes global greenhouse gases to decrease for six months. When the northern hemisphere experiences fall and winter, the trees stop photosynthesizing and become dormant, causing global greenhouse gases to increase. However, even though carbon dioxide levels increase and decrease every year, the global trend is that carbon dioxide levels are growing every year. Current measurements from NASA indicate that carbon dioxide levels are at 411 ppm, the highest the earth has seen in nearly a million years.
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Atmospheric Pressure And Wind
Atmospheric pressure is a force created by the weight of the atmosphere. Because of gravity, air pressure is highest at sea level and decreases with height. There is also high pressure and low pressure. High pressure, also called an anticyclone, occurs when descending air molecules pile-up at the surface and spread outward in a clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, the air within high pressure flows counterclockwise. In either case, the descending air will warm, which prevents water vapor from cooling and condensing into clouds to produce storms. Instead, regions under high pressure tend to experience clear skies. Low pressure, also called a cyclone, occurs when converging air is forced upward where it cools and condenses into clouds and possible storms. Ultimately, air flows from high pressure to low pressure, and this is called wind.
When atmospheric high pressure is near atmospheric pressure, there is an imbalance between the atmospheric pressure. The force to balance these two pressure imbalances is called the pressure gradient force, which creates wind. Wind is the horizontal movement of air from high pressure to low pressure to balance atmospheric pressure.
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Nepal: Land of climate diversity. Despite its relatively small area, Nepal has very diverse climatic conditions, ranging from tropical in the south to alpine in the north. The country’s three distinct geographies-the snow covered mountains, the mid hills. climate change, periodic modification of Earths climate brought about as a result of changes in the atmosphere as well as interactions between the atmosphere and various other geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic factors within the Earth system. The atmosphere is a dynamic fluid that is continually in motion. Both its physical properties and its rate and direction of motion are ….
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The time for this action is now, with the U.N. secretary-general naming 2021 a make or break year to address the climate emergency.. The climate crisis discriminates, but the efforts to fight it cannot. Mercy Corps partners with people and communities facing the starkest effects of climate change, connecting them to information and tools to protect themselves, overcome.
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world, including climate change, energy dependence, war and regional conflicts, globalization, and international terror- ism. American decision makers need geographic knowledge … and worldwide climate change. Geography is the study of the interaction between people, places, and environments. How climate is changing and what we need to do. Answer: Since station A is located closer to the equator and at a height bf 909 metres it has a moderate climate. Station B is located at 26°N in the interior of the country, north of the Tropic of Cancer. Question 76. Development of tropical cyclones is a distinguishing feature of the monsoon.
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What are the advantages of geographic isolation? We enjoy certain advantages in this environment. Changes in medical care delivery systems get to us slowly giving us time to plan for the impact. Antibiotic-resistant organisms are slower to move in and are easier to control. The blood donor population is loyal and at a low risk for disease. CLIMATE HISTORY. Select one of the times from the list on the left and check out what the Earth’s climate was like millions of years ago. Or view an animation that shows how the Earth’s climatic belts have changed through time. View Climate Animation. We can determine the past climate of the Earth by mapping the distribution of ancient coals.
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Factors Affecting Indias Climate
Latitude
The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country from the Rann of Kachchh in the west to Mizoram in the east. Indias climate has characteristics of tropical as well as subtropical climates.
Altitude
India has mountains to the north and also has a vast coastal area where the maximum elevation is about 30 metres. Owing to the mountains, subcontinent experiences comparatively milder winters as compared to central Asia.
Pressure and Winds
The climate and weather conditions in India are governed by the following atmospheric conditions:
- Pressure and surface winds
- Upper air circulation
- Western cyclonic disturbances and tropical cyclones
Air moves from the high-pressure area over the southern Indian Ocean, in a south-easterly direction, crosses the equator and turns right towards the low-pressure areas over the Indian subcontinent. These are known as the Southwest Monsoon winds. These winds blow over the warm oceans, gather moisture and bring widespread rainfall over the territories of India.
Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow, meandering air currents in the atmosphere.